因为笔记本没有windows键，所以需要另外弄一个键来代理ubuntu里面的Super键（其实主要是fusion需要用，哈哈）

Thinkwiki上面提供的方法是用Caps_Lock来作
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Installing_Ubuntu_7.04_on_a_ThinkPad_T43#Overview
这个显然不是一个明智的决定，不能切换大小写多不方便

但是这个文章是instructive的，里面提到的Xmodmap是个好东西（是不是跟我id有点神似，嘿嘿）
查了一些介绍这个软件的文章
http://www.cbi.pku.edu.cn/chinese/documents/csdoc/cman/xmodmap.html

指定的思路是用Alt_Right来当Super用，反正在windows里面也是牺牲它，嘿嘿，都被搞惯了，我又何必客气

开始实验的xmodmap配置文件如下:

---

remove mod1 = Alt_R
add    mod4 = Alt_R

---

麻烦的事情是，貌似Alt_L和Alt_R是一对，只要把Alt_R挪作他用，Alt_L也就跟着罢工了，也就是说Ctrl Tab就不干活了，这个是绝对不能容忍的事情。于是又是了一下这一段

---

clear mod1
add mod4 = Alt_R
add mod1 = Alt_L

---

还是同样的问题，有点无语，理论上应该不会是逻辑问题，只好开始逐步调试

试验把Alt改成Control－－相应的要把Mod1也改成Control，很意外，是work的。也就是说，至少整个代码的语法是没有问题的....剩下的，不知道应该算是bug还是什么。

恩，原则上其实Contrlol_R这个键也是永远不会用到的，跟Alt_R倒是没多少区别。不过...总是有点不甘心，准备再多试试。

尝试在上面代码的基础上做修改，思路是用keycode把Control_R和Alt_R对换，代码大致是(我这里113，109分别是Alt和Control的键值)

---

remove mod1 = Alt_R
remove Control = Control_R

keycode 113 = Control_R
keycode 109 = Alt_R

add mod4 = Control_R
add Control = Alt_R

---

很不幸的，以上配置依然是错的...

不过好在这次是直接在xmodmap下面一句一句执行的，发现错误居然是处在最后一句上...有点无语－－此时的Alt_R实际上已经关联到键盘的Ctrl键了，居然会因为修改他和使得左侧的Alt罢工...而反对是Alt键，给它换了一个名字以后，对他作修改就不会连作到左侧的兄弟了。

问题已经很清楚了，最后的代码只有3行

---

! use Right Alt as Super
remove mod1 = Alt_R
keycode 113 = Super_L
add mod4 = Super_L

---

如果希望用键盘上的back/forward键，加上下面的两行

---

! back and forward browser keys
keycode 234 = F19
keycode 233 = F20

---

以上东西放到~/.Xmodmap文件中即可

嘿嘿，生命在于折腾

本来还考虑要不要上来玩的------挖石油貌似比我们专业来钱

结果越看越心惊...,感觉根本不是我这种人会考虑上的课
10天，5次作业，最后还有个15,000-20,000的term paper...这不是搞笑吗
完全像是文科课程

Earth 634 New and Emerging Oil Production Methods
A Summer-Term Graduate Course – Summer – 2007
Instructor Maurice Dusseault, X34590 (Phone 1 604 541 1920 or 1 778 997 3725)
mauriced@uwaterloo.ca
EARTH 634 Basics: Ten Lectures of 3.5 hours each will be held starting Saturday
August 04 and ending Tuesday August 13 in Room Physics 235, from 8:30 AM to 12:00
PM (3.5 hours) with a 15 min break at 10:15 AM.
To take this course for credit you must obtain permission from your supervisor and be
prepared to complete a series of assignments, paper reviews and a term paper in the
period ending September 30 (best is to finish before your September classes start). The
subject of the term paper can be on a topic that you and your supervisor are interested
in, provided that it lies within the context of the course, and providing I approve of it.
You may audit this course if you wish, but I will not give an audit credit unless you attend
9 out of 10 lecture sessions.
Course Description and Content
This course, combined with the assignments and Term Paper, is intended to be a
Graduate Level course; it is also suitable for 4th year undergraduates, who will be given
a shorter term paper assignment. There is no final examination, either oral or written, for
the course. The course will cover aspects of physics, geology and engineering of a
number of oil production methods, most of these being new and emerging technologies
developed in the last 20 years, or currently being developed. Many of these
technologies are also of interest to Hydrogeologists and Civil Engineers dealing with
contaminated aquifer clean up, deep waste disposal, and so on.
The background necessary for this course is a BSc in Engineering, Earth Sciences or
Physics. If any students wish to take this course as a fourth-year credit, this must be
cleared with your undergraduate advisor, and admittance will be limited to strong
students with an average over 80% in their previous term.
Among the topics that will be covered are:
􀂃 Topic 0 The Future of the Oil Industry and the Emergence of the
Heavy Oil Resource
􀂃 Topic 1 Mechanics of Massive Sand Production - CHOPS
• CHOPS Well Implementation & Workovers
• Separating and Handling Sand in CHOPS
􀂃 Topic 2 Sand Production in Conventional Oil Production
􀂃 Topic 3 Vertical-Horizontal Well Comparisons in Heavy Oil
􀂃 Topic 4 Comparing Canada & Venezuela Heavy Oil Deposits
􀂃 Topic 5 Pressure Pulsing: A Radically New Technology
􀂃 Topic 6 Problems with the Previous Generation of EOR and Thermal
Methods: the Old Technologies and Why they Failed
􀂃 Topic 7 Gravity Drainage Methods: General Physics and
Technologies
• Inert Gas Injection
• Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage
• Vapor-Assisted Petroleum Extraction
• Hybrids and Combinations…
􀂃 Topic 8 Can In Situ Combustion be “Reborn”? New Directions in
Combustion and Air Injection
􀂃 Topic 9 Toe-to-Heel Air Injection: A concept being tested
􀂃 Topic 10 Cyclic Steam Technologies: the Old and the New (Based on
Horizontal Well Techniques)
􀂃 Topic 11 A General Screening Approach for Various Technologies:
Applications to Field Cases
􀂃 Special Topics: Waste Management: New Methods Based on Deep
Injection of Slurries (also methane generation for biosolids)
􀂃 Special Topics: Monitoring of In Situ Processes
􀂃 Special Topics: Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Geological Media: what
are the options? What are the issues?
Brief Abstract
Because of a vast, largely untapped resource base, heavy oil and bitumen will become
the major sources of liquid petroleum within 50 years. Conventional low viscosity oil is
being gradually depleted, and already viscous oils comprise about 15% of world
consumption. Most viscous petroleum is found in shallow (<1000 m), high porosity (φ >
0.25) sandstones, and special methods are required to extract a significant fraction of
the oil.
A number of new extraction technologies have evolved for viscous oils in the last 20
years, and new ones are being field tested or studied in the laboratory. New concepts
such as gravity drainage, the use of horizontal wells, the effect of steam combined with
solvents, and so on, are changing the way the industry perceives oil production options,
and these methods will open the door to higher recovery factors, re-entry into old
reservoirs, and exploitation of reservoirs that used to be considered impossibly difficult.
Interestingly, most of these technologies have evolved in Canada on the past 25 years.
Many of these new production methods require some knowledge of rock mechanics in
order to understand the process and to optimize extraction efficiency. For example,
massive sand production, used in unconsolidated heavy oil sands in Canada and
elsewhere, is a process of shearing, dilation, stress transfer, and liquefaction. Thermal
technologies involve massive thermoelastic stress alterations, formation shearing
(casing loss), dilation, and increases in permeability. High compressibility sands may
compact massively during production, leading to good production but with a permeability
reduction and the potential for surface subsidence and casing shear. Hence, a basic
understanding of mechanics and stresses is considered a great aid to extracting
maximum benefit from the course.
The 30-35 hour course is mainly an introduction to the physical processes involved in
the New Oil Production Technologies that have been developed in the last 25 years.
Although flow and diffusion issues are treated throughout the course, the presentations
are from a geomechanics perspective, with emphasis on stress changes, deformations,
and alterations in mechanical properties that can be perhaps exploited to improve
efficiency. Participants will leave with a much improved understanding of the importance
of rock mechanics in the petroleum industry.
Large-scale environmental issues are becoming more and more important to the oil
industry. For example, the emergence of carbon dioxide as an issue is relatively recent,
and other than reduction of missions, the favored technical approach appears to be a
combination of CO2-related enhanced oil and gas recovery, leaving the CO2 in the
ground, and direct sequestration in sedimentary geological environments. This subject,
along with deep solid and liquid waste injection issues, will be at least 10% of the course
content.
This course is suitable for anyone with engineering or scientific background. Process
physics is emphasized, and the major aspects of stress transfer, yield, dilation and shear
are outlined. Also, practical guidelines and screening criteria for various technologies
are given. For example, in massive sand production the reservoir sand must be
cohesionless and of high porosity, and the oil must contain large amounts of solution gas
to help sustain the sand production process. Also, during high pressure steam injection
processes, hydraulic fracturing processes must take place, but the stress changes are
so large that fractures change orientation, a process which can help increase the contact
rate of the reservoir with the hot fluids.
Finally, even without the assignments and term paper, this course will be suitable as an
audit course for those interested in the oil production side of the energy industry, in
carbon sequestration through injection and EOR, in deep waste disposal, and so on.
Course Requirements (Credit Students Only)
A: Advance Reading: For students wishing to take the course for credit, there will be
some required reading IN ADVANCE of the course. Credit students must contact
Maurice Dusseault, and they will be given access to a series of articles that cover a
number of issues relevant to the course. These articles cannot be on the list of papers
that the student wishes to review. Also, any student taking this course for credit or on an
audit basis will be provided with a CD that contains all the PowerPoint presentations that
will be used in the course, along with many text articles and other materials. It is
recommended, particularly for credit students, that the materials on the PowerPoint
presentations be scanned before the lectures so that discussions can be well-informed
and constructive.
B: Assignments: There will be five assignments, and each one will involve several
hours of work in examining and quantifying a specific issue arising in production of
petroleum, such as:
􀂃 Explain coupled modeling of flow-stress (hydrodynamics and geomechanics)
􀂃 Critically discuss theories relating porosity to permeability for sandstones
􀂃 Summarize the current heavy oil resource base in the world
􀂃 Outline an approach for economically measuring and predicting surface
subsidence associated with petroleum withdrawal
􀂃 Quantitatively explain capillary instabilities and the formation of ganglia
􀂃 Review several theories for predicting sand onset in wells
􀂃 Address the problem of capillary entry pressure in gravity flow
􀂃 Microseismic monitoring of petroleum recovery processes
􀂃 Discuss capillarity effects in solvent recovery processes (miscible liquids)
􀂃 Thermally induced shearing and its effect on reservoir properties
􀂃 Does the residual oil saturation concept have meaning in gravity drainage?
􀂃 Outline supercritical CO2 behavior and its interaction with water-oil systems.
􀂃 What are the negative aspects of gravitational instabilities?
􀂃 Describe the class of instabilities associated with viscosity and pressure
􀂃 And other topics.
Each assignment is expected to be a detailed, yet concise treatment of a narrow
issue, defined by the problem statement. Different students will be given different
assignments, and one of the key aspects is to broaden the technical base of the
participants, therefore I will attempt to give students assignments in other disciplinary
domains, to force a broadening of perspective upon the student. The assignments will
be allocated during the course lectures, based on discussions with students. If a student
wishes to pursuer a specific topic, this is a possibility, otherwise subjects will be
assigned. The assignments are to be done after the course lectures are complete.
A high-quality, completed assignment will generally have these characteristics:
􀂃 7-10 pages long, including text, figures and references.
􀂃 5-8 scientific articles as references actively used in the assignment (lecture notes
and course presentations DO NOT count as references)
􀂃 A minimum of 1500 words of text, not including references (Microsoft Word
Document)
􀂃 Neat explanatory diagrams where needed, all sources properly acknowledged
􀂃 Avoid extensive mathematical treatment; focus on physics and clear explanations
and diagrams to support the logical arguments and exposition.
􀂃 A linear logic that starts at problem definition, moves to an explanation of the
physics, then discusses implications will lead to a concise summary at the end of
the assignment.
􀂃 One assignment, one narrow topic, do not ramble on to other subjects.
􀂃 Assignments are not literature reviews. Simply describing what other
researchers have done in a particular will not be sufficient. Best to understand
and describe the relevant physical processes involved in the question.
C: Review of Journal and Conference Articles: For students taking the course for credit,
there will also be assigned each 10 papers to review in detail from a scientific and
engineering standpoint. Each credit student will be given 10 different papers, or the
students can submit a list of articles for approval. Again, the articles must lie within the
purview of the course (see outline of subjects below). Most of the articles will be from
conference proceedings and Petroleum Journals, but could also include important
articles that are found in other journals dealing with geosciences, environmental
mechanics, rock and soil mechanics, chemical process engineering, porous media
sciences, and so on.
The background of the students will be taken into account in article selection, but
the goal is to have a broad array of subjects for each student, in the general area of oil
production technologies. Each student should submit a list of 10 articles (names, full
reference, abstract if available) by the end of the first week, no later than Friday, August
10. The articles that are on the CD to be provided before the course can be used as
part of the articles for review, but students are advised to scan recent journals and
conference proceedings, particularly the Electronic SPE library, the Journal of Canadian
Petroleum Technology electronic library, and other electronic journals held by the
University library, to select suitable articles for review.
􀂃 Each article review will be from 750 to 1000 words long with at most two
diagrams.
􀂃 The review will be a concise summary and a brief critique of the technical paper,
pointing out issues and concerns, not simply a regurgitation of the article.
D Term Paper: A 15,000 – 20,000 word term paper along the lines of a scientific paper
of an exhaustive review article is required. Your instructions for the term paper are the
following:
􀂃 Consult with your Supervisor to choose a suitable topic that lies within the
purview of this course.
􀂃 Talk to me to see if the subject is OK, then write and submit a 200-word
description of the content of the paper for approval.
􀂃 No later than August 15 (by email), submit a tentative Table of Contents about a
half-page long (20 lines) delineating the structure and subject of the Term Paper.
􀂃 I will provide a Template that I want each of you to follow. It is a standard
approach to the structure and format for a Report or Term Paper.
􀂃 All references, acknowledgements, sources, etc., should be listed in the style of
the NRC Canadian Journals (e.g. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,
Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, etc…).
o Follow the format for references absolutely rigorously. DO NOT
DEVIATE from the style those Journals use. That style will also be
completely acceptable for your thesis, your professional work, and for
most other journals.
􀂃 Because this term paper will likely be part of your research work, once you have
a draft, I would prefer that you have your Supervisor look at it.
􀂃 Submit the final version to me when it is of high quality. Do not bother doing the
course for credit unless you are prepared to submit a Term Paper of high quality.
􀂃 If you are someone for whom English is a second language, you are strongly
recommended to have a friend or a professional editor go through it to help
address questions of grammar and structure.
Maurice Dusseault, June 14, 2007

貌似好几年前的东西了，其实有点土，不过感觉很有点意思

很多有趣的观念，检我印象比较深的列几个：

• 管理是玩人，是让别人来做自己想做的事情。忍不住自己动手上的，不是好管理者。
  
• 现在中国的管理者除了需要用人，还需要育人
  
• 国人普遍无信仰，行为不可预测。而信仰是建立信任的基础
• 变革期，乱，机会多，普遍浮躁。
• 员工了企业除了纸面上的合同，还存在一个心理契约。

不错的一个东西，再down几集来看看

国外的Starbucks比国内的小饭馆密度还高，所有有必要研究一下里面种类繁多的咖啡

这个是官方的站点

http://www.starbucks.com/retail/beverages.asp

有人给总结了一下放在这里

http://www.quicksilverweb.net/sbucks/sbcharts.htm

好多好多种类呀，是门学问呀

看支持向量机的公式时常看不懂

找来最原始的论文,还是看不懂------弱呀...

心血来潮,找人推荐了一本书,一看目录,觉得不错,若干以前没有看懂的名词都有专门的章节讨论

结果...

看了不到十页就快支持不住了-----我把8页内容打在一张纸上

p.s.书还是不错的,推荐一下.<数据挖掘中的新方法-----支持向量机>,以他覆盖的内容而言,不算厚(400页左右,如果是英文书讲这么多内容,我估计页数在800-1000)

太bt了,全是计算题

而且全是四则运算,就是不停的按计算器

结果我这个人一向四肢比较笨拙,又长年不玩计算器那个先进东西,死得叫一个难看-----貌似中途计算器还故障了一段时间...

简直不知道他在想什么,跟小学3年级数学考试一样,最后答卷上通篇全都是参与运算元素个数不超过3的式子.最后的结果我几乎不指望是正确的,只是好奇会错在哪一步

昨天好歹算是把报告写完了

发过去的时候客气了一下,问他有什么意见或者建议

结果他真是给提了好几条----还都是特别恶心的那种....

这叫什么事呀

想杀人

其实倒是不太累,一直是坐在床上玩玩写写,不过那英文憋这么长的东西,总是让人心里上非常的不爽

上学期也干过这么一次,20页,这次又是20页,郁闷呀.

前后折腾了好几天了,才17页,不过总算是进入到Experimental Result的阶段了, 基本上就是贴贴图,然后胡诌两句

这个课project真是花我不少时间, 读paper读了十几篇, 程序折腾了好久, 到头来写报告还这么郁闷,唉~~~~

好在下学期没课了